![]() doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.05.016įeltens R, Görner R, Kalkhof S et al (2010) Discrimination of different species from the genus Drosophila by intact protein profiling using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. doi: 10.1186/1756-Įstrada-Peña A, la Fuente de J (2014) The ecology of ticks and epidemiology of tick-borne viral diseases. doi: 10.1006/mpev.1998.0565ĭvorak V, Halada P, Hlavackova K et al (2014) Identification of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. doi: 10.1186/s1307-0ĭobson SJ, Barker SC (1999) phylogeny of the hard ticks (Ixodidae) inferred from 18s rRNA indicates that the genus Aponomma is paraphyletic. doi: 10.1186/1756-3ĭieme C, Yssouf A, Vega-Rúa A et al (2014) Accurate identification of Culicidae at aquatic developmental stages by MALDI-TOF MS profiling. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2012.07.003ĭantas-Torres F, Latrofa MS, Annoscia G et al (2013) Morphological and genetic diversity of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato from the new and old worlds. doi: 10.1007/s0043-1ĭantas-Torres F, Chomel BB, Otranto D (2012) Ticks and tick-borne diseases: a one health perspective. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.10.009Ĭhitimia L, Lin RQ, Cosoroaba I et al (2009) Molecular characterization of hard and soft ticks from Romania by sequences of the internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.03.017īurger TD, Shao R, Labruna MB, Barker SC (2014b) Molecular phylogeny of soft ticks (Ixodida: Argasidae) inferred from mitochondrial genome and nuclear rRNA sequences. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.02.002īurger TD, Shao R, Barker SC (2014a) Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial genome sequences indicates that the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus) microplus, contains a cryptic species. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 49:285–288īurger TD, Shao R, Barker SC (2013) Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genomes and nuclear rRNA genes of ticks reveals a deep phylogenetic structure within the genus Haemaphysalis and further elucidates the polyphyly of the genus Amblyomma with respect to Amblyomma sphenodonti and Amblyomma elaphense. doi: 10.1645/0022-3395(2001)0872.0.CO 2īekele T (2002) Studies on seasonal dynamics of ticks of ogaden cattle and individual variation in resistance to ticks in eastern Ethiopia. doi: 10.1111/j.īeati L, Keirans JE (2001) Analysis of the systematic relationships among ticks of the genera Rhipicephalus and Boophilus (Acari: Ixodidae) based on mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA gene sequences and morphological characters. doi: 10.1007/s0043-2Īubry P, Geale DW (2011) A review of bovine anaplasmosis. Rev Sci Tech 34:557–568Ītif FA (2015) Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma phagocytophilum: rickettsiales pathogens of veterinary and public health significance. Taken together, the results of the present study indicate that MALDI-TOF MS is a reliable tool for tick species identification, even after preservation in ethanol, provided that a reference spectra database is built from specimens that represent the respective species stored under the same conditions.Īllsopp BA (2015) Heartwater- Ehrlichia ruminantium infection. The morphological and MALDI-TOF MS identifications were confirmed by sequencing the 12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of 40 tick specimens belonging to 11 ixodid species. A relevant Log score value (LSV) of >1.8 was recorded for all of the tick species studied by MALDI-TOF MS, except for Rhipicephalus praetextatus. The blind tests revealed that 100 % of the tick specimens studied by MALDI-TOF MS were correctly identified. To support the results of the MALDI-TOF MS tick species identification, 41 tick specimens comprising 3 to 5 specimens per tick species were used to create a reference spectra database, which was evaluated using the spectra of the 44 remaining tick specimens. Spectral analysis revealed an intra-species reproducibility and inter-species specificity that were consistent with the morphological classification. Following morphological identification of 12 tick species, the legs from 85 tick specimens were subjected to MALDI-TOF MS. The aim of the present study was to assess the use of MALDI-TOF MS for correct identification of ixodid tick species preserved in 70 % ethanol during field collection in Ethiopia. ![]() More recently, our laboratory reported the correct identification of tick species via the MALDI-TOF MS protein spectra profiling of legs from fresh specimens. ![]() Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technology has recently been reported as a promising method for arthropods identification.
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